A Glimpse into the Past: What Are Scripting Languages?

Scripting languages are programming languages designed to automate tasks that could be done manually. Unlike compiled languages that need an intermediary step to translate source code into machine code, scripting languages run directly, interpreting the code on the fly.

Scripting can be traced back to computing’s early days. Simple shell scripts in UNIX systems, for instance, saved many keystrokes by automating repetitive tasks.

Python: The Rise of a Scripting Giant

No conversation about scripting languages would be complete without Python. Birthed in the late 1980s by Guido van Rossum, Python was conceived with readability and simplicity in mind. Its popularity skyrocketed due to its versatility – from web applications with Django to AI algorithms with TensorFlow, Python is the go-to for many.

JavaScript: Powering the Web

JavaScript, a programming language created to add interactivity to web pages, has transformed the web. With frameworks like Node.js, it ventured into the server side, broadening its horizons. JavaScript’s thriving ecosystem, with libraries like React and Vue.js, showcases its adaptability and influence.

Ruby, Perl, and PHP: The Scripting Trifecta

• Ruby is revered for its elegant syntax and powerful Rails framework, making web development easy.
• Perl, once dubbed the “Swiss army knife” of the Internet, plays a crucial role in web development and system administration.
• PHP powers a lot of the web, including platforms like WordPress.

Together, these three showcase the diversity and depth of scripting languages in shaping the digital world.

Modern Developments: Scripting in the Cloud Era

As the world shifts towards cloud-first models, scripting languages have adapted too. Bash scripting in Linux VMs or PowerShell scripting for Windows Azure are examples of how scripting is integral to cloud infrastructure and DevOps tasks.

Why Scripting Languages Matter More Than Ever

In the rapid development cycles of the modern world, agility is key. Scripting languages offer:

• Speed: Quick prototyping and immediate feedback.
• Flexibility: Adapting to different use cases, from data analysis to web development.
• Community: Massive open-source communities drive innovation and solve common problems.

Emerging Scripting Languages: The New Kids on the Block

While Python and JavaScript have solidified their dominance, the tech world is always evolving, birthing various scripting languages tailored to niche needs and modern challenges.

Lua, for instance, has become the darling of the game development industry. Known for its lightweight nature and seamless embedding capabilities, Lua scripts power many of today’s top video games.

Kotlin, while a statically typed language, offers scripting capabilities. Kotlin scripts are becoming increasingly popular for Android development, especially with Google endorsing Kotlin as the preferred language for Android.

The Blurring Line Between Scripting and Programming

Scripting languages were distinguished from general-purpose programming languages based on their use cases. Today, however, this distinction blurs. Languages originally designed for scripting power full-fledged applications, while traditionally compiled languages adopt more ‘script-like’ features.

This convergence signifies the versatility of modern languages and developers’ adaptability to leverage the most advantageous features of both worlds.

Challenges Ahead for Scripting

While scripting languages have many advantages, they’re not without challenges.

1. Performance: Since many scripting languages are interpreted, they can be slower than their compiled counterparts.
2. Dependency Management: With the expansive ecosystem, especially around languages like JavaScript, managing dependencies can be complex.
3. Due to their widespread use, they often become targets for security vulnerabilities. Regular updates and community vigilance are paramount.

Final Thoughts

Scripting languages, with their flexibility and power, have dramatically shaped the tech landscape. Their evolutionary journey highlights the tech industry’s constant drive for innovation, efficiency, and adaptability.

As the digital landscape expands further into AI, VR, and other futuristic domains, one can only wonder: What’s the next chapter for scripting languages? Will there be an emerging language that revolutionizes the domain just as Python or JavaScript did?

Whatever the future holds, one thing is certain: scripting remains one of the most exciting, dynamic, and influential tech areas.

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1. Automated Property Listings and Updates

Real estate is time-consuming because of property listings. It’s a constant juggle between initial input and timely updates. Scripting languages come into play. Platforms can automate the ingestion of updated listings using Python and JavaScript, making them available to potential buyers promptly. This ensures that visitors to a platform like https://www.homeseh.ca see the freshest listings without having to wait for human intervention.

2. Advanced Data Analysis and Market Predictions

Those are the days of gut feelings. In the age of data, making informed decisions is critical. With scripting languages, realtors can now harness machine learning models and predictive analytics. For instance, by analyzing historical data, a script can predict neighborhood appreciation rates or suggest optimal listing prices.

3. Virtual Tours and Augmented Reality (AR) Experiences

Virtual reality has added an additional dimension to real estate viewings. Scripting languages, especially those designed for web applications like WebGL (a JavaScript API), are at the forefront. They help craft immersive virtual tours, letting buyers ‘walk’ through properties from thousands of miles away.

4. Seamless Integration with Other Platforms

In an interconnected digital ecosystem, real estate platforms must communicate with other services smoothly. Whether it’s linking with a bank for instant loan approvals or syncing with interior design platforms, scripting languages act as a bridge. This ensures data flows smoothly.

5. Chatbots and AI Assistants for Instant Queries

Digital platforms have created an environment where users expect quick responses. Several real estate platforms use scripting languages to power chatbots. In addition to scheduling viewings, these digital assistants can answer common questions.

6. Personalized User Experiences Through Scripting

A notable advancement in the digital space is the move toward personalization. Now that real estate platforms support scripting languages, users can curate bespoke experiences tailored to their needs. Users’ behaviors and preferences can be analyzed to recommend properties, areas, and investment opportunities that match their interests and goals. A personal touch increases user engagement and transaction success.

7. Enhanced Security and Fraud Detection

An industry as important as real estate requires a high level of data security. A combination of advanced scripts and machine learning algorithms ensures buyer and seller data remains secure. A scripting language is on the front lines, protecting all parties from fraudulent listings and irregular transaction patterns.

8. Smart Contracts and Blockchain Integration

Real estate is another sector where blockchain technology is making waves. In real estate platforms, scripting languages are instrumental in integrating blockchain functionalities. Through scripts, smart contracts can be facilitated, as they are self-executing contracts with the agreement written directly into the code. These contracts ensure transparency, security, and speedy transactions.

9. Environmental and Sustainability Analysis

In an era where sustainability is not just preferred but demanded, scripting languages provide tools to assess properties’ environmental impact. Realtors can offer insights into homes’ energy efficiency, predict future sustainability trends in neighborhoods, or even suggest eco-friendly modifications, all thanks to scripts’ data-driven capabilities.

10. Simplifying Complex Transactions with Script-Driven Workflows

Real estate transactions, which often involve numerous steps and stakeholders, can be streamlined with scripting languages. By automating workflows, ensuring timely notifications, and even integrating with digital signature platforms, scripts turn once-daunting processes into seamless experiences.

In Conclusion: The Sky’s the Limit

The infusion of scripting languages into the real estate sector signifies a profound shift. While bricks, beams, and property aesthetics remain vital, scripts are equally crucial. As we move forward, collaboration between real estate professionals and tech experts will likely deepen. This will lead to an industry that’s not just about spaces but also about seamless digital experiences.

Remember, as we stand on the cusp of this digital revolution in real estate, it’s the lines of code, as much as the lines of architectural blueprints. These lines will shape our future habitats.

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JavaScript

The PL is suitable for those who choose website creation, refinement and frontend. For beginners, javascript is an easy language to write code in. Suitable for creating games and applications, web servers. With his help make animation, autocomplete and other interactive features on websites.

JavaScript one of the popular languages, beginners can easily find support in a huge community of JS wizards. In addition, its study has huge advantages:

• low load on the server;
• frequent updates;
• high speed of code writing.

The language is also used in the field of machine learning, data processing. JavaScript is an excellent basis for later learning more complicated – Java.

Python

According to the PYPL rating, the most popular language by the end of 2022. And indeed, it is versatile in terms of use. It is suitable for scientific computing, Big Data analytics, web design development, mobile games and applications, creating web servers and PC programs. In short, it’s a powerful language, set up to solve any task. Beginners will find it easy to understand, thanks to the language’s simple syntax and vocabulary.

Python is used by startups, Microsoft, NASA and the music service Spotify, and the creators of artificial intelligence. It appeared not long ago, one of the most popular developments written in Python – YouTube. To add to the advantages:

• fast code writing;
• line-by-line execution with error indication;
• huge selection of free resources for learning;
• Similarity to the English language.

Having learned Python in conjunction with several other languages, it is easy to become a Backend expert, Frontend.

HTML

The easiest language for a beginner to learn. At the same time, HTML allows you to make a limited number of actions, so you should learn it along with the same Python, CSS. Translated as HTML, hypertext markup language, it is used to display text on the Internet page. Also, the language can be used to create a simple page design, but it is not possible to make data processing.

Today, the functionality of HTML is filled by borrowing from other languages, making it more modern. Also, the language is compatible with many browsers, accessible without an Internet connection, widespread.

CSS

A language for layout, design and text transformation for gadgets with different screen sizes and devices. It is easy to learn because of its simple syntax.

CSS is constantly being improved, today there is a 4-th generation of language standards. Using this language allows you to edit the design of large sites, customize individual elements, eliminating the manual formatting. The disadvantage of the language is the lack of warnings/errors when writing.

C#

C-Sharp is a language based on C, C++. It is similar to them in syntax. This is a Microsoft development, originally designed for writing applications for Windows. It is in demand in companies like Stack Overflow, Accenture, Alibaba Travels.

C# is an intermediate language. It is used in many areas: creating 2D, 3D games, desktop programs, web design. The language is on a par with Python and JavaScript due to multitasking and ease of learning. Slightly slower than C++, but has a simple code. The advantages are also the many libraries, similar to the other languages of the C line.

We have considered a small part of programming languages. With the help of each of them you can perform specific tasks or cover a large amount of work. Some of the described languages require a systematic approach, therefore you need to look at several languages at once for the study. You should start with the simplest. Or choose depending on the task of development. For example, the programming languages of web design – JavaScript, if interested in services, programs and scripts look at Python + HTML + CSS.

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To optimize the site should do the following:

• Move your site to the best hosting;
• Optimize the size of images on your site;
• reduce the number of plugins;
• minimize the number of JavaScript and CSS files;
• optimize the database in the CMS.

Let’s look at each item in detail below.

Move your site to better hosting

All the effort spent on optimizing your site will go to waste if it is hosted on an unsuccessful hosting site. Therefore, when choosing hosting, in addition to the cost of service, pay attention to:

• speed – the main criterion on which will depend on the convenience of user interaction with your site;
• Effective support service – so that in the case of any problems with the loading of the site they can be promptly resolved;
• guarantee of availability of your website to users – if your resource is often unavailable, it will scare away customers;
• security – various viruses can greatly slow down the speed of your site (not to mention the fact that they can steal data).

Optimize the size of images on the site

Images are a very important part of a web page. Often visitors pay attention to the images first, and only then to the text. Therefore, it is important that images are loaded quickly.

Here you need to pay attention to two points:

1. Try not to resize images by specifying their height and width in HTML. With HTML, resizing an image does not change its weight. Therefore, it is better to use any image editor where you want to resize the picture and save it as a new file.
2. Choosing the right file format for the image. Thanks to this you can optimize the size of the file, without sacrificing the quality of the picture. For example, PNG files are larger than JPG files because they allow the use of transparent images. If you do not need this feature, it is better to choose the JPG format.

If the image files are still large, you can resort to a number of special tools that allow you to reduce the weight of the image, such as RIOT or PNGOUT.

Reducing the number of plugins

Often sites are slow because of the large number of installed plug-ins that unnecessarily burden the server. This is especially true of the WordPress engine. Therefore, you should reduce the number of plugins to a minimum, leaving only the most necessary. This will speed up the page.

Minimize the number of JavaScript and CSS files.

These files greatly affect the loading speed of the site.

1. Files like CSS especially slow down loading. When a user opens a web page, his browser must first load and read all the CSS, and only then create HTML elements. Therefore, you should minimize the amount of CSS. In addition, it is worth removing all the styles that are not used on the site. To simplify the removal of unnecessary styles, you can use special tools, such as PurgeCSS. Highlighting critical CSS will also help. This is CSS which is required to style only that part of the web page which is visible to the screen when the site loads. Therefore, the best solution is to have only the critical CSS loaded when the web page loads, and to start loading the rest of the CSS only when the page is fully loaded.
2. JavaScript files affect how quickly a web page loads before it starts interacting with the user. After all, the browser must not only load the JavaScript files, but also spend time and resources processing them. In this case, the whole page may be loaded, but the user is not yet able to perform any actions on it, or the response to these actions is very slow. Therefore, the number and size of JavaScript files should be reduced to a minimum.

Optimizing the database in the CMS

By optimizing the database (DB) means to fix bugs that appeared in it earlier. These errors lead to a reduction in the speed of the site. Therefore, it is important to optimize the database to remove unnecessary and outdated information from them in a timely manner. Different popular CMS-engines have different methods of optimization. For example, the optimization of databases WordPress based on the removal of irrelevant pages. In the engine Joomla and Drupal need to remove unused extensions, set the compression of pages, include caching. Some CMS allow you to use special plug-ins to optimize the database. For example, in WordPress you can use the plugin WP Clean Up.

What will I get optimized site?

Optimizing your site will make your web resource more convenient for users. As a result, it will increase the likelihood that they will return to your site after their first visit. And this kind of customer retention is an important part of the marketing strategy of any business.

Optimizing your site will increase its position in search engines and attract more people to it. As a result, you’ll be able to get more visitors to your site.

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Scripting languages can be used for a variety of purposes, from automating system administration tasks to writing video games. Scripts can also be written in scripting languages, which is what we will be discussing in this article.

A scripting language is a programming language that has been designed to allow users to write scripts and programs using more natural language conventions than other programming languages.

Programming languages that are designed to be used in scripts, which are small programs that automate tasks and make it easier for a user to do something.

Scripting languages can be used in many different ways. For example, they can be used as a way to create games or graphics, or they can be used to help you with your day-to-day tasks. Scripts can run on their own or they can run inside of another program like Photoshop.

Scripting languages are a type of programming language that are often used to create software. These languages are known for their simplicity and speed. They provide a way to automate tasks and increase efficiency.Can be used in a variety of ways, from automating complex operations to creating interactive programs in video games.

The most popular scripting language is JavaScript, but there are many others including Python and Ruby.

Are programming languages that are used to automate tasks. They are often used in the context of scripting and scripting-based software products.

Scripting languages enable developers to quickly create programs by writing scripts and then compiling them into the machine language code that a computer can understand.

Advantages: Scripting languages have a comparatively low learning curve than other programming languages, and they can be used for many purposes including creating web pages, testing software, or even writing video games.

Disadvantages: A disadvantage of scripting is that it is not as fast as compiled code because it has to be interpreted at runtime instead of being compiled into machine language before execution.

Scripting languages are programming languages that are used to automate tasks in a certain environment. They can be used for anything from system administration scripts to video game scripts.

Scripting languages are not compiled like some other programming languages, so they are executed as the code is written. This means that if there is a syntax error in the script, the program will not run and an error message will be displayed. Scripts can be written in any text editor and then saved with a .sh extension to make them executable.

The most popular scripting language is Python which has been around since 1990 and has been steadily gaining traction ever since.

Scripting languages are a type of programming language that is designed to automate tasks. They are often used for system administration or web site management, but they can also be used to create games.

Scripts can be created in any of the many scripting languages available, such as Python, PHP, Perl and Ruby. Scripts are often used for system administration or web site management, but they can also be used to create games.

Scripting languages are not as complicated as other programming languages, but they still have a lot of power and enable a programmer to do more than just write scripts.languages allow you to control your computer from the command line or automate tasks on your computer.

Scripting languages are a type of programming language that is used to automate tasks. They can be used for many purposes, such as automating repetitive tasks or making them easier. Scripting languages provide an easy way to write programs and scripts, which can be executed on a computer.Are programming languages that are used to automate the execution of often-repeated tasks. Scripting languages can be grouped into two categories: interpreted and compiled.

An interpreted language is a scripting language that is executed by an interpreter program. The interpreter converts the scripting language code into machine code, which is then executed by the computer’s CPU. A compiled language is a scripting language that must be translated before it can be executed by a computer’s CPU. This translation process is known as compiling, and it usually involves translating the script into an intermediate form called bytecode and then translating this intermediate form into machine code before executing it on the CPU

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The definition of programming essay

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the definition of a programming essay will vary depending on who you ask. However, in general, advanced writers reviews is a piece of writing that discusses the ins and outs of programming – what it is, how it works, and why it’s important.

The best assignment writing service can be helpful for those who are new to programming, as they provide a crash course on the subject. They can also be valuable for experienced programmers, as they offer insights into best practices and useful tips. No matter your level of expertise, a programming essay can give you a better understanding of this complex field.

If you’re interested in writing a programming essay, there are a few things you should keep in mind. First, it’s important to choose a topic that you’re passionate about. This will make the writing process more enjoyable and ensure that your essay is compelling and informative. Second, make sure to do your research. Programming is a vast and ever-changing field, so you’ll need to brush up on your knowledge before you start writing. Finally, don’t forget to proofread your essay before you submit it. With these tips in mind, you’re well on your way to writing a great programming essay.

How to write a programming essay?

When it comes to writing a programming essay, there are a few things that you need to keep in mind. The most important thing is to make sure that your essay is well organized and easy to follow. You should also make sure that your essay is properly formatted and includes all of the relevant information. In addition, be sure to proofread your work before submitting it.

The structure of a programming essay

A programming essay typically has a specific structure that helps to organize and present the material in an easily understandable way. Typically, it will have an introduction, body, and conclusion.

The introduction should introduce the topic of the essay and provide some background information on it. The body should then present the main points of the essay, with each point being explained in detail. The conclusion should summarize the main points of the essay and provide some final thoughts on it.

Tips for writing a good programming essay

When writing a programming essay, it’s important to be clear and concise. You should also make sure that your essay is well organized and easy to read. Here are a few tips for writing a good programming essay:

1. Start by introducing the topic of your essay.

2. Explain the purpose of the essay and what you plan to discuss.

3. Outline the key points you want to make.

4. Write your body paragraphs, discussing each point in turn.

5. Summarize your conclusions and any additional thoughts you have on the topic.

Sample programming essays

Sample programming essays can be used to help learn the basics of a particular programming language. They can also be used to help understand how a program works, and to see different ways that code can be written. Essays can also be helpful in debugging programs, as they can help point out where errors are occurring.

When looking for sample programming essays, it’s important to find ones that are well written and informative. You should also make sure that the essay is properly formatted and includes all of the relevant information. In addition, be sure to proofread your work before submitting it. With these tips in mind, you’re well on your way to writing a great programming essay.

Now that you understand how to write a programming essay, it’s time to start writing yours. Remember to choose a topic that you’re passionate about, and make sure to do your research. Once you have a rough draft of your essay, be sure to proofread it before submitting it. With these tips in mind, you’re well on your way to writing a great programming essay.

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However, it is not enough to understand the scripts, you must also know how to work with them. It is appropriate to consider the situation with wrenches as a metaphor. Many people understand that different wrenches are designed for different purposes. It is not difficult to distinguish one wrench from another. However, using wrenches is a different story. The same applies to scripts.

Suppose you downloaded a script that was written by a professional. However, you will still need to customize it for your website, online store, any other resource or program you write yourself.

Thus, working with the script involves in addition to its configuration and installation. You also need to be able to run the script. Read more about it in the articles.

The scope of the scripts is enormous. For example, they allow the user to access databases, view visitor statistics (attendance counters), make entries in the guest books, leave comments on favorite articles, etc. The location of the executable script on the network may be different. For example, the script can be located on the same server as the page that calls it. Alternatively, the script may be located on a different, i.e. remote, web server. Since running the script “somewhere out there” allows you to perform some action, you should always keep in mind that such a procedure may not always be useful (i.e., it is not safe for the server owner). Particularly for this reason, not all servers allow the execution of scripts – usually, providers specially stipulate the conditions for providing such a possibility.

Well, now let’s introduce you to the subject and consider the implementation of scripts in more detail. Since today scripts are present in almost all web sites, you probably want to know how they look like and how they work. You can imagine the following picture – in a burst of curiosity you open the source code of html-page and find at the place where there should be this or that form, just a link to some “cgi-bin”. Here at this point, let’s stop our attention. All that will be below – only dedicated cgi-scripts.

CGI-script – a program that runs on a web-server at the request of the client. The client, in this case, is no one else than the website visitor. In principle, it can be argued that, as a program, CGI-script does not differ from, say, MS Word or the same Explorera. It is important to immediately realize that CGI is not a programming language in which the script itself is written, but only a Common Gateway Interface, i.e. a specialized interface which is used to kick-start the script and do the further work. In the very beginning of the article we mentioned that running scripts on a remote server can be unsafe – CGI scripts are no exception to this rule. Since hosting providers can prohibit the execution of cgi on their servers, then before you start your Internet project, you should make sure that such restrictions are not provided. For example, if you decide to have a site on free hosts (Narod.ru, for example), then the implementation of all kinds of benefits through cgi can not even dream of. In fairness it is worth noting that sometimes you can find a free hosting provider, which provides the opportunity to work with cgi. For example, runetovskii service holm.ru very welcome such customers.

But still – if you really want to fully realize your dream of a full-fledged website and use the opportunities provided by cgi-scripts, then you should opt for paid hosting. 90% of paid hosting providers fully support running remote procedures. Now let’s talk about how a CGI script works. Imagine that a visitor comes to your site, decides to fill in some forms – for example, in order to leave a comment he should enter the text of the comment, his name and the subject of the message. After filling out the required fields, the visitor clicks the “Submit” button. It is at this point that the request to the server is initialized.

Here’s what it looks like, if you try to explain everything on the fingers – after you click “Send”, the data are sent to the server, cgi script runs and the processing of incoming information. In our case, the text of the message and other additional values are read by the script from the form of the message and then written to the guestbook file, and instead of that, a message like this is sent to the visitor’s browser – “Thank you for your message”. You must be wondering what language a cgi-script can be written in. The answer is very simple – cgi-scripts can be written in almost any programming language! The only condition – it is the availability of the compiler (interpreter) of the language on the remote server. For example, servers running Unix interpret C/C++, Perl and Shell. A server running Windows work with the same C / C + +, Perl (plus other windows-system programming systems that support the writing cgi-programs – Visual Basic or Delphi). It should be emphasized that the vast majority of webmasters are still working on Perl and there are very good reasons for this.

The fact that Perl is interpreted language, ie applications made on Perl not require compilation. This situation is very convenient, because the web-programmer only need to debug an application on their computer (where, for example, installed Windows), and then simply copy their work on the server (which, without any doubt, is Unix – FreeBSD, Linux, Sun Solaris, HP-UX, etc.). Moreover, if after some time will need to transfer the site to another provider, the scripts will not cause any difficulties. But if you decide to use a compiler (for example, C/C++), you must compile the source code on the server, and this requires telnet access (many providers do not provide it willingly).

It is possible that you can’t do all of the above yet – for example, you don’t know the Pearl language yet. Don’t despair – you don’t need to know Pearl to implement all sorts of cgi applications on your site. This is equally true for the procedure setting cgi-scripts – in-depth programming knowledge is not required. That’s for sure. See why. The fact that you can find on the Internet a crazy number of completely free scripts that will not only meet your tastes, but also tasks – guest books of various stuff, complex databases and other bells and whistles lying in the network for nothing. You just have to take them and put them on your site. The only thing you will need is knowledge of English (at least at the basic level).

From myself we can recommend a wonderful resource cgi.resourceindex.com. This directory contains links to tens of thousands of scripts written in different programming languages. Let’s imagine you downloaded a script from this catalog and want to use it in practice. So. First of all, you need to adjust it a bit – at the very beginning of the script you need to specify some data. For example, the path to the interpreter Pearl (usually /usr/local/bin/perl/ or /usr/bin/perl/), your site address, the name of the file you want to write the results of the script to, etc. All of this is not difficult to do – the lines that need to be modified are usually specially highlighted with comments and you will not have any difficulty finding them at all.

Web server configurations vary, so the name of the script should contain the appropriate extension. On top of that, the script should be placed in a special directory. A classic example is that the name of the script should have the extension.cgi, and the script itself will be located in the cgi-bin directory. In order to perform the configuration to the end, you may need to consult with the technical support of your hosting provider or the server administrator.

As soon as you fully understand the requirements for the scripts in your case, all the problems will disappear by themselves and the script will start working properly. Don’t forget to assign the “executable” attribute to the script (a script is a program). If your script writes incoming information to a file, the file must be made writable. Most often, free scripts come with a full description on their installation – by carefully reading the help file, you will not only quickly cope with the task of installing, for example, a cherished guestbook, but also get a more detailed knowledge of how it works from the inside.

At this point we should probably call it a day – we’ve already bored you enough. If you have any questions about this article you can easily ask them on our forum.

On this page I will try to tell you about more complicated elements of site-building – scripts. For those who ran their eyes over the first few lines of the article and found it too arcane and difficult to digest, I advise you not to strain your brain and go to another page or to the last paragraph of this page.

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If everything is clear with the visual scripts, then the scripts that are invisible to the visitor’s eye collect information in the database, check the correctness of filling out forms and perform other complex tasks.

Accordingly, in the operating system, scripts also perform serious operations. Scripts running through the console (command line) can affect the opening of services and applications, make changes to system files or even install other programs (this is how viruses get into the system).

As for Windows, you can find a built-in CMD (PowerShell) tool which is designed to run scripts stored in BAT format.

Languages that support scripting are used in all fields and for all tasks:

• iOS or OS X development – Swift.
• Android development – Java or Kotlin.
• Game development – C# or C++.
• Web development – PHP, Python, JavaScript.
• Analytics – Python, Java, JavaScript.
• Device programming – Python, C++.

There are no formal restrictions on the use of any particular language in different areas – there just may be some difficulties. For example, you can create an application for OS X even in Python, it will just work slowly. You can create a website interface even in assembly language – but then you will be slow.

As for scripting languages, they are used in special cases, such as:

• WitcherScript or Lua to write a quest for the game.
• VBA for creating a macro for an accounting spreadsheet.
• Also do not forget about scripts – they can also be written by anyone and for anything. For example, to improve the position of the site in search engines.

Scripts provide the functionality of the site. They establish algorithms for behavior in every situation envisioned.

With the help of scripts:

• They collect statistics. This is the number of visits or user behavior on the site.
• There is a communication between the database and the interface of the site.
• Load information on the pages without updating. This is how the button “Show more” works on online shopping sites.
• It is possible to expand the functionality of the resource, add new tools.
• Automate most of the operations required for the SEO-promotion of the site. This frees up time for the webmaster to solve other tasks.
• Add dynamic elements of the design. For example, at the time of the New Year holidays write a script with snowfall animation.

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Scripts have the following purposes:

• SEO scripts (templates) to promote websites. Usually under their control are specialized programs to automate this process. The most famous are ZennoPoster, Human Emulator;
• systems for collecting statistics of visits (attendance counters). These scripts are most often created using JavaScript;
• scripts for accessing databases. Here the leading language is PHP;
• scripts for guestbooks and post comments. Most often a combination of PHP and JavaScript is used;
• scripts for the dynamic display of sites. In this case, the scripting language is determined by the writing language of the CMS;
• scripts for changing a part of the site page without reloading it. The implementation uses Ajax technology. In this case, asynchronous JavaScript and XML come to the fore. The web application communicates with the server in the “background” so that changes to the pages of the site happen without a complete reboot. Users usually do not notice these changes, and they do not need to understand the scripting programming language to interact with the site perfectly.

The benefits of scripts

• Their use makes it possible to make programmatic changes without fear of destroying the entire system. If the script is written with errors, when it is executed, they will be issued as a result. In this case, the site will remain functional.
• Using scripts makes it possible to get a problem-oriented set of commands. In this case, a single line of scripting allows you to perform the same amount of actions as a program of many dozens of lines in a compiled language. This example clearly shows what a script is in programming and how much faster its use speeds up problem solving.
• Cross-platform execution of tasks is successfully implemented using scripts. An excellent example is JavaScript – the same scripts in this language can be executed by browsers in different operating systems without any problems.

The disadvantages of scripts

• Markedly longer execution time. In almost all cases, interpreted scripts require much more time and computer resources to run.
• There is no high-quality IDE-level development environment for such languages yet.
• Insufficient funds are invested in the promotion and advertising of these languages. Paradoxically, the relative availability and conditional free-of-charge of scripting languages leads to the fact that developers simply do not have enough money for marketing and advertising. Therefore, for many big-money projects, Java or C# are chosen.

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To write scripts, special programming languages are used, which are called “scripting languages”. Accordingly, the scripting programming language is a set of lexical, semantic and syntactic rules for creating and editing scripts. The synonymous name “scripting language” is also correct.

Consider, for example, the history of development of the most common scripting language JavaScript. It was with his help realized a lot of solutions for user interaction with sites, programmable features of interactive pages.

Netscape came up with a special language for its then-popular Netscape Navigator 2.0 browser in 1995, called LiveScript. At the time, the language’s capabilities were very sparse, and many people simply didn’t understand what a script was in a browser. At that time, it could check and process the data that the user left on the site page through a form. This validation gave the opportunity to control the correctness of the data entered and avoid sending a form without the necessary information. Soon the name of the language was changed to JavaScript.

Some time later, a famous competitor of Netscape – Microsoft Corporation – created its own version of JavaScript. Despite the fact that this scripting programming language has a slightly different function, it has successfully caught on and got its own name JScript. It began to be used in the Internet Explorer browser since version 3.0. After a while other browsers began to support JavaScript.

Over time, the language has evolved and improved, and now it can successfully solve much more complex tasks. The JavaScript interpreter is a built-in element of all modern browsers.

Despite the fierce competition, Microsoft and Netscape, along with the most respected developers of software for the Internet worked in the organization of the W3C. As a result, were prepared by common standards and recommendations. But all the same JavaScript and JScript languages have certain differences, which should be taken into account.

The purpose of scripts
With the help of scripts performed a huge number of routine operations, such as:

• collecting statistics. Attendance counters, analytical systems – all of them use scripts that calculate the information needed by specialists. Most often such code is written in JS;
• database calls. Communication between the database and the website interface is ongoing, and it is described in scripts, most often in PHP;
• Writing comments and maintaining guest books. Service for adding new comments to the site also runs on scripts in PHP or JavaScript;
• dynamically loading information on the page without updating it. For example, the button “Show more” on the store page. These functions are implemented through AJAX, which is based on JavaScript scripts;
• The dynamic display of elements of the site. Menus, filter pages in the online store and many other elements are automatically generated using scripts.
• Operations for promotion. A huge number of routine manipulations required for SEO and advertising can be automated. To do this, there are special programs and add-ons for CMS, working at the expense of scripts. They can be found on the web or write them yourself.

For example, a web programmer can write a script to automatically fill in the fields when creating a page through a CMS. With his help, you can automate, say, the generation of meta tags or filling the standard pages. So what is a script? It’s a replacement for several hours of content manager’s work.

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